PRIMARY FOUR ENGLISH LESSON NOTES TERM 1 

TOPIC 1: DESCRIBING PEOPLE AND OBJECTS 
ASPECT – PUNCTUATION
USE OF CAPITAL LETTERS
Lower class work: Capital and small letters.
Capital letters
A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O
P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z
When to use capital letters
1.	Beginning a sentence.
2.	Beginning a proper noun e.g. Names of people, countries, cities, lakes, river, days, months, e.t.c………….
3.	Writing abbreviations e.g. H.E.P,	H/M,	P.L.E,	  	e.t.c
4.	Writing initials e.g. J.K.
5.	Writing titles e.g. UGANDA PRIMARY ENGLISH COURSE.
6.	Pronoun 1 
7.	Writing names of God and Jesus Christ as well as their pronouns e.g. God, The savior, The Messiah.
Pronouns – He, His, Him
8.	When writing direct speech sentences e.g.
“I shall go to school tomorrow, “said Stella.
Evaluation activity
1.	justine is going to mombasa.
2.	we learn english every tuesday.
3.	my mother works at nakasero.
4.	babra will celebrate her birthday in august.
5.	lake victoria is the largest in uganda.
6.	 “i shall go to kampala tomorrow,” said tom.
7.	jesus was born on Christmas.
8.	my sister goes to bweyogerere parents’ school.
9.	elgon is a volcanic mountain.
10.	i am called j.b. mukasa.
Lesson 2
PUNCTUATION MARKS
1.	Full stop (.)
2.	Question mark (? )
3.	Comma ( , )
4.	Exclamation mark ( !)
5.	Apostrophe (‘)
6.	Quotation marks / inverted commas. ( “  “)
When to use a full stop ( . )
1.	At the end of statement (i.e. ) sentences which are not questions or exclamations.
2.	When writing initials of people e.g. J.B Musoke e.e.t…………
3.	When writing abbreviations e.g. A.D Anno – Domini e.t.c.
4.	When writing small i) e.g. radii e.t.c
Question mark ( ? )
When  to use a question mark ( ? ) 
1.	At the end of an interrogative sentences (Question sentences)
2.	At the end of question tags.
Comma ( , )
When to use a comma
1.	They are used in question tags to separate the main statement from a question tag.
2.	They are used in speeches to separate the speech tag from the main sentence. E.g. He asked, “Where have you put the money?”
3.	When separating relative clauses from the main clause. E.g. The lion, which was being chased by the whole village, was killed down at the furthest end of the river.
4.	When writing addresses, salutations and subscription in letter writing. 
e.g. Address.
Kyengera parents School,
P.o.Box 28589,
Kampala.
Salutions 
Dear Sarah, 
Yours affectionately.
5.	When writing figures with more than three digits i.e. 10,000 , 	1,000, 000
6.	It is used when separating certain words and phrases. Words e.g. however, there fore
Phrases e.g. in fact, of course, on the other hard.
7.	When separating words written in series e.g. One can buy tomatoes, oranges, bananas, apples and onions from the market.
Evaluation activity. 
Punctuation the sentences correctly.
1.	i go to school every day
2.	p.t.o.
3.	they will go to busega on monday
4.	what is your name.
5.	i am a girl aren’t i 
6.	am i your friend 
7.	i went to the market and bought onions apple tomatoes sugar canes cassava and orange.
8.	does she smoke
9.	kyengera parents’ school
po.box 28589
kampala.
10.	she said “ i am sick” 
Lesson 3 
PUNCTUATION
Exclamation mark ( !)
When to use an exclamation mark.
1.	It is used when an exclamatory sentence exclaiming using “How “ or “ what” e.g What a beautiful girl she is !
How silly you are !
NB 
-	What requires articles “a” or “an” with singular subjects and common nouns.
-	What with plural nouns does not require an articles.
-	How does not require an article or common noun.
-	No inversion (I e) what a deadly snake a cobra is !
2.	It is used with exclamatory words such as
Alas ! e.g. Alas ! He didn’t reach there.
Ah ! e.g. Ah ! I have caught you this time.
Hurrah ! e.g. Hurrah ! She passed P.L.E
Oh ! e.g. Oh ! I am sorry to step on your shoes
Hullo ! e.g. Hullo ! You are welcome.
Oooops ! e.g. Oooops ! I have stepped in dirty water. 
	
Evaluation activity.
Rewrite the sentences as instructed in the brackets.
1.	A cobra is a deadly snake. (Begin: What ……………..)
b) (Begin: How ……………………….)
2.	John and James are clever boys. (Begin: What …………….)
3.	He is a very rich man. (Begin: What ………………….)
b) (Begin: How ………………………)
4.	What smart boys are they! (Re-write the sentence correctly.)
Lesson 4 
PUNCTUATION 
Apostrophe (‘)
When to use an apostrophe.
1.	It is used to show possession in nouns e.g. 
i)	Alfred’s shirt ( singular )
ii)	Ladies dresses ( plural )
iii)	James’ bicycle
iv)	Children’s uniform, oxen’s tails.
v)	Butchers’ , stationers’ (singular)
2.	When writing contractions.
i)	Our school started in 98. E.g
ii)	Shan’t 
iii)	Wouldn’t
Quotation marks or inverted commas 
British (“ “ )  			American (  ۢ     ۥ )
When to use inverted commas.
1.	They are used when enclosing the actual words used by some body.
e.g. They asked, “ shall we eat supper today? “
	Evaluation activity.
	Punctuate the sentences correctly.
1.	They don’t know the answers.
2.	Those teachers lesson was interesting 
3.	Moses car has been stolen.
4.	The boys dormitory is very dirty.
5.	Jane said I shall go to town tomorrow
6.	The ladies shoes are very expensive.
7.	President Museveni started ruling this country in 86.
8.	I shant go with you.
9.	Are you sick asked the teacher.
10.	John’s wife was knocked down by a speeding car yesterday.

ASPECT 2 
NOUNS
Definition
 A noun is a name of anything.
Common nouns
A common noun is a name given  to things of the same kind ( type)
e.g. pens tables.

ARTICLES
The articles which are used before singular countable nouns are:-
a, an, the
articles “a”
the common nouns which start with consonants take the article “a” before them.
These consonants are b, c, d, f, g, j, k, l, m, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z
Examples
A kite
A boy
A tree
A car
A black elephant
A white African
A military escort
These ones take articles “a” because they sound “y”.
A European, a Ugandan, A University, a United country a none – way street.
Article “ an”
The common nouns which start with vowels take the article “an” before them.
These vowels are a,e,i,o,u

Examples 
 An orange 
An animal
An ox
An ant
An ugly girl
An old book.
NB words that take vowel sounds take “an”
Examples 
an hour
an X – ray
an honest man
an honourable.
Articles “the”
This article is used for a class defined things, superlative, degree, some rivers and mountains, countries, islands and water bodies.
Examples.
a)	Using “the” in the class and definite things.
1.	The kind
2.	The poor
3.	The moon
4.	The soil
5.	The stars.
b)	Using “the” in superlative / comparative degree e.g.
1.	The biggest boy ( superlative)
2.	Of the two girls, Pauline is the father ( comparative
c)	Use “the “ before rivers, seas, oceans and groups of mountains.
Examples.
The Nile
The pacific
The red sea
The Rwenzori
The Everest
Activity 
Mk precise pg 8 pps task 2 A and B

Singulars and plurals.
1.	Common nouns that take “s”
E.g. singular  					plural
Bag  						bags
Girl  						girls
Lake 						 lakes
2.	Common nouns that take “es”
These nouns follow a number of rules.
i)	Common nouns that end with a hissing sound. ( x,s,ch,sh)
E.g. Singular  			Plural
Box 				 boxes
Fox			………………………
Gas			………………………
Bus			………………………
Watch			………………………
Torch			………………………
Brush			………………………
Dish			………………………
NB Exception of ox – oxen.
ii)	Common nouns that end with y change y in to I and adds es in plural. However this rule works where the y is preceded by a consonant letter.
e.g. singular  						Plural 
 	country  						countries
 	lady  							ladies
 	lorry  							lorries
 	
iii)	But 
Common nouns that end with y preceded by a vowel letter simply takes s in their plural.
e.g. singular  						Plural 
 	key 							 keys
 	chimney 						chimneys
 	ray 							rays
 	toy  							toys

iv)	Common nouns that end with “o” take es in their plurals.
e.g. Singular  				Plural.
Mosquito 					 Mosquitoes
Negro					 Negroe
Echo 					Echoes
Motto					mottos 
Exceptional.
These don’t take “es they simply take “s”
e.g.  Singular  					plural
avocado  						avocados.
Radio 
Piano
Disco
Studio
Dynamo
Video
Photo
Bamboo
Igloo
Rhino
Hippo
Kangaroo
Banjo
Solo 
  Evaluation activity 
Complete the sentences giving the plural of the given words in brackets.
1.	The …………….went with his daughter. ( actor)
2.	The ………………. are good people. ( land lord)
3.	All the ……………. were repaired. ( bench )
4.	Our…………….. are very helpful. (ox)
5.	Their …………… are new. (dress) 
6.	Our father bought  us new…………. ( watch )
7.	…………….. are very dangerous insects. ( fly)
8.	………………….. are found in kitchens. ( chimney )
9.	Our hens lay thirty three…….. of eggs per day. ( tray )
10.	………………… are nice fruits. ( avocado)
11.	………………. spread malaria fever. (mosquito )
Write the singulars of the underlined words.
12.	 There are many atlases in the library.
13.	The monkeys ate all the bananas.
14.	Children used to play pianos in my former school.
15.	He has more enemies than friends. 
Lesson 5 and 6
Common nouns that end in “f” or “fe” change their “f” and “fe” to “v” and add “es”
	Singular  								plural 
	Leaf 									leaves
	Thief									 thieves
	Wolf									 wolves
	Shelf 									shelves.
	Knife 									knives
	Wife 									wives
	Life 									lives.
Those common nouns that simply take ‘s”
Roof, gulf , staff, stuff, proof, chief, golf, belief, handkerchief
Those common nouns that take either ”s” or “es” in their plural.
Dwarf , wharf, hoof, scarf, 
Common nouns that form their plurals by changing vowels.
Singular  							plural. 
Tooth								 teeth
Foot									 feet
Goose 								geese
Man 									men
Woman 							women.

Singular  							plural 
Abacus  							abacuses/ abaci
Oasis 								Oases
Crisis								……………………..
Basic								……………………..
Axis									……………………..
Analysis							……………………..
Aquarium 							Aquaria
Bacterium							……………………..
Fungus 								fungi
Focus								……………………..
Hippopotamus							 hippopotami/ hippopotamuses 
Radius								……………………..
Syllabus 							syllabi/ syllables
Stimulus							……………………..
Mouse 						                      	mice.
Louse 							             ……………………..
Larva  							             larvae
Fomula 							             ……………………..
Index  							             indices
Vertex 							              ……………………..
Common nouns that don’t changes.
Countable
Singular  							plural
Sheep
Advice
Deer
Equipment
Luggage
Property
Baggage
Fish 
Uncountable.
Singular  							 plural
Money 
Furniture
Information
Stationery
Sugar
Salt
Water
Soil
Sand
Milk
Rubbish 
Common nouns that have “s” at the end but this “s” does not stand for a plural instead the nouns are in singular. When they are used in sentences they are followed by singular verb.
e.g. news , Civics, Mathematics, politics, Sports, Athletics, Tuberculosis, Mastitis, innings, Physics, drafts, economic, mumps, barracks, headquarters, gallows, Measles.
Activity 1. Children will complete the above tables.
Activity 2.Use the correct form of words in brackets.
1.	Five ………. were stolen from the pen. ( sheep)
2.	The doctor’s …………… are useless. (equipment)
3.	The scouts’ ………………were bought. ( skirt )
4.	Different tribes have different……………..( believe)
5.	She has disorganized those…………………( shelf )
6.	He has killed all my ………………..( goose)
7.	Three …………………. were trapped today. ( mouse )
Give the singular of the underlined verbs.
8.	The fish were fished out from the aquaria.
9.	How many vertices has a cuboid?
10.	There are many oases in the desert.

Lesson 8 and 9 
COMPOUND NOUNS
Definition: 
Compound nouns are words which are made of more than one to make one word.
Compound nouns without a hyphen.
Singular  							plural
Black board  						blackboards
Arm chair
Spoonful
Employment
Handful 

Compound nouns with a single hyphen
Here the last word takes the plural.
Singular  						plural
Step – son  						step – sons
Check –up
Tape –measure
Mouse – trap
He – goat.
Tooth – brush
X – ray
Post – office
Bye – law
Goal – post 
Girl – guide
Egg- plant 
Foot – path
Compound nouns which affect both words
Singular plural 
Woman – doctor
Man – servant
Exceptional where the first word changes to plural
e.g. 
passer  – by passers by
compound nouns with three words using two hyphens.
The first word takes the plural.
Singular plural.
Mother – in – law mother – in – law
Guest – of – honour
Head – of – state
Teacher – on – duty.
Head – of – cattle Head – of – cattle.
Activity : Learners complete the table about the above

Lesson 9 
GENDER NOUNS
Definition
Gender is the dividing of some of the living common nouns in to female ( feminine ) and male ( masculine , merculine )
Gender formed by adding a prefix.
Masculine				 feminine
Cock – sparrow 			hen- sparrow
He – goat  				 she goat
Billy – goat 				nanny – goat
Jack – ass 				jenny – ass
Tom -  cat				 tobby- cat
He – bear 				she – bear.
Gender formed by adding suffix.
Masculine 				feminine
Land lord 				peahen
Head master
Step son
Choir master

Gender formed by adding a suffix “ess”
Masculine 				 feminine
Lion
Giant
Steward
Shepherd
Host
Patron
Prince
God
More examples from precise pg 221 -2 DEG pg 100

Gender nouns that form by adding suffix “ess”
Masculine 				feminine
Emperor 				Empress
Tiger
Author
Actor
Instructor
Waiter
Conductor 
Except: tailor sea- mistress

Gender nouns that form by changing completely
Masculine  					feminine
Boy scouts 					girl guides
Bride groom 
Buck
Nephew
Boar
Dog
Drake
Gander
Fox
Lad
Sir
Wizard
Monk 
Ram 
Stallion 
Colt
Bullock
Activity 1 
Giving feminine or masculine of any of the given gender

Lesson 10 -13
ABSTRACT NOUNS
Definition 
Abstract nouns are names of things which are not seen or tangible.
Abstract nouns from adjectives by adding “ness” at the end
Adjective 					 Abstract nouns
Smart  						smartness
Eager
Kind
Selfish
ill
Sick
Polite
Weak
Foolish
Happy
Heavy
Ugly
Lazy
Busy
Holy
Clean
Dry

Abstract nouns formed by changing the last t or te. To ce or cy.
Adjective  					Abstract noun
Distant  						distance
Innocent 
Silent
Absent
Patient
Present
Important 
Constituent  					constituency
Accurate
Pregnant
Urgent
Accountant
Efficient.

Abstract nouns formed when the adjective changes to other forms.
Adjective  						Abstract nouns
Wise  						wisdom
Poor
Free
High
Warm
Proud
Long
Wide
Deep
Angry
Active
Safe
Dangerous
Old.
Dead 
Succeed
True
Harmful
Painful

Abstract nouns from verbs formed by adding “ tion” or “ion”
Verb 					 Abstract nouns
Explain 					explanation
Educate
Subtract
Introduce
Destroy
Pronounce
Repeat
Compose
More from D.E.h pg 86

Abstract nouns that end with “son”
Verb abstract noun.
Divide	- 	division
Express 
Admit 	-	admission
Permit
Transmit
Submit
Decide
Expand
Extend
More from D.E.h pg 86

Abstract nouns formed by adding “ment”
Verb 					Abstract noun
Develop 					development
Govern 
Pay
Punish
Excite
Entertain
Advertise
Employ
More from D.E.H.pg 87
Abstract nouns formed without following any order.
Verb  						Abstract noun
Depart 						 departure
Arrive  						arrival
Choose  						choice
Fail
Sit
Lend
Speak
Lose
Serve
Receive
Advise
sell.

Abstract nouns formed from other nouns.
Nouns  					Abstract nouns
Neighbor
King
Child
Man
Lord
Brother
Brother
Mayorship
Poet
Friend
Leader
Relation
Slave 
War
Martyr
Pot
Banker
Grocer

Activity 
Complete these sentences using the given words correctly.
1.	What is the …………….. of that building? ( high)
2.	She was very dirty because of ………….(poor)
3.	The ………the teacher gave was good. ( explain )
4.	We are looking for………..( safe)
5.	Parents have………….. in their children. ( proud)
6.	We got a wrong ……………….. of that word. ( pronounce)
7.	Jane’s …………… was good. ( decide)
8.	The president gave a long……………. ( speak )
9.	My grandfathers………….. will take place tomorrow. ( bury)
10.	The ……………… of Buganda is so big. ( king)
	
Lesson 14
COLLECTIVE NOUNS
Definition:
 Collective nouns are names given to a group of things collected together.
Examples
1.	A group of sheep
2.	A group of bees.
3.	A group of cattle
4.	A group of people praying.
5.	A group of thieves
6.	A group of singers.
7.	A group of soldiers.
8.	A group of people watching a game.
9.	A group of people walking on foot.
10.	A collection of sticks.
11.	A group of people listening to a speech.
12.	A group of bishops.
13.	A group of people struggling to see something or to pass.
14.	A group of people at a funeral.
15.	A collection of books, pens, pencils, files, and rulers.
16.	A large group of trees.
17.	A collection of books.
18.	A group of dancers.
19.	A group of sailors.
20.	A group of wolves.

Activity 
Learners mention the collective nouns for the above.

Lesson 15
Describing people and objects 
Vocabulary 
Read these words 
Bad, beautiful, black, brown, good, kind, polite, forgive, lend, short, smart, tall, borrow, please, thin, ugly, excuse, thank, sorry
Spell the words in brackets correctly to complete the sentences
1.	Sam is a…………….boy. (llat) 
2.	Anna is a …………..girl. (rtsho)
3.	Mr. Okia is a …………man. (aft) 
4.	Mrs. Muleme is a ……..woman. (artsm) 
5.	Adeke is a …………girl. (inth) 
6.	Omondi is a ……..boy. (idnk) 
7.	A policeman is a ………person. (gdoo) 
8.	A thief is  not a ……….person. (poteli) 
9.	Mary is a……..girl. (adb) 
10.	She is not ugly, she is……….(fulbeauti) 
11.	Our head girl is very…………(ghtbri) 

ADJECTIVES
Definition
Adjectives are words that describe nouns.
Examples; Good, smart, rich, fine, sweet, clean, bad, easy, clever, hot, polite, wise.
Evaluation activity
Underline the adjectives in the given sentences.
1.	Primary four is a good class.
2.	Our teacher is very smart today.
3.	My brother bought me a new pair of shoes
4.	Her dad is humble.
5.	A dog is a useful animal.
6.	 Nairobi is a large city.
7.	Those small fruits have a bitter smell.
8.	She is an old but active lady.
9.	Jamirah is a pretty girl.
10.	I want to buy a big and ripe pineapple.
Structures 
1.	Both……….and ……….are…….
2.	Some………..are………..and others are………….
3.	…………is ………..than………….
4.	Is the ……………of the…………..?
5.	………..is the …………..of the …………..
Using Both………and ……..are……..
Examples 
Tom is short. Kawamara is short. Both Tom and Kawamara are short 

Exercise 
Join the sentences using :Both…….
1.	Annet is a beautiful girl. Sarah is a beautiful girl.
2.	Tade is shy. Antonio is shy.
3.	A nurse is helpful. A carpenter is helpful.
4.	Kelly is hardworking in class. Maureen is hardworking in class.
5.	Senya is a bright child. Fatuma is a bright child
6.	Okoth is a short boy. Okello is a tall boy.
7.	Cheptai is a fast runner. Chipsiro is a fast runner 

Using: Some ……..are……..and others are……..
Example 
Some boys are short and others are tall
Form correct sentences from the table 

Some	boys 
women
pupils
men 
girls
people 	

are	tall
kind
polite 
black 
lazy 
proud	

and others are 	humble 
impolite 

cruel 
light skinned 
short 
hardworking 	

Using : Is the …..the…of the …….
Yes, the………
No, the………
Example 
Is the sheep the slowest of all animals?
No, the sheep is not the slowest of all animals.
Form questions from table A and answers from table B
Table A

Is the 	dog 
car 
dove
dictionary 	
the 	strongest 
fastest 
smallest 
most expensive 	
of all the 	animals?
vehicles?
birds?
books 	

Table B 

No, the	dog
car
dove
dictionary 	
is not the 	strongest
fastest 
smallest
most expensive 	
of all the 	animals.
vehicles.
birds.
books.	

Lesson 16
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
Positive degree- one object
Comparative degree – Two objects.
Superlative degree-  More than two objects.
Adjectives that take “er” in comparative and “est” in the superlative degree.
	Positive  				comparative  			superlative
1.	Tall 				taller 					tallest
2.	Small
3.	Clean
4.	Clever
5.	Few
6.	Hard
7.	Clear
8.	Light
9.	Broad
10.	Poor 
11.	Rich

Adjectives that add “r” in comparative degree and “st” in superlative degree 
Example
	Positive  			comparative  			superlative
1.	Wise  			wiser 				 wisest
2.	Wide
3.	Large
4.	Safe
5.	Brave
6.	Late
7.	Idle
8.	Pure
9.	Simple
10.	Fine
11.	Rude
12.	White

Lesson 17
Adjectives that double their last consonant after which “er” or “est” is added.
	Positive 			 comparative  			superlative
1.	Big  			bigger  				biggest
2.	Hot
3.	Red
4.	Sad
5.	Glad
6.	Thin
7.	Fat
8.	Wet

Adjectives that end with “y” change “y” to “I” and add “er” in comparative and “est” in superlative.
	Positive  			comparative  				superlative
1.	Happy  			happier  				happiest
2.	Lazy
3.	Easy
4.	Dirty
5.	Ugly
6.	Busy
7.	Noisy

Lesson 18
Adjectives that take “more” in comparative and “most” in superlative
Examples
	Positive  			comparative  			superlative
1.	Beautiful  			more beautiful  			most beautiful
2.	Careful
3.	Comfortable
4.	Ignorant
5.	Handsome
6.	Delicate
7.	Interesting 
8.	Important 
9.	Dangerous
NB These have more that two syllables.

Adjectives that are irregular change completely the original word.
Examples
	Positive 		comparative 		superlative
1.	Bad
2.	Good
3.	Well
4.	Far
5.	Little
6.	Much
7.	Many
8.	Ill.

Lesson 19
Application of comparison of adjectives in sentences
Use of ………….as……………as/ not as…………………..as………
Examples
i)	Kate is bright. Namuli is bright.
Kate is as bright as Naumli.
ii)	Dad is fat. Mam is fat.
Dad is as fat as man.
iii)	Pele runs very fast. Kiprop runs faster 
Kiprop runs faster that Pele.

Activity 
Learners will join the sentences using…as…as /not as….as….
1.	Sarah is small. Joan is small.
2.	Your father is rich. My uncle is richer.
3.	James’ house is big. John’s house is big.
4.	Your handwriting is good. Her handwriting is better.
5.	Saul is clever. Paul is clever.
6.	Our school is larger. Their school is large.
7.	Kate came late. Pat came later.
8.	Muvule is uglier than Miti.
9.	Teddy’s home is far. Cissy’s home is far.
10.	Jussy is brighter. Tutu is bright.
Lesson 20
Application of adjectives in the comparative degree using “than”
Examples
1.	Kato is fat. Wasswa is fatter.
Wasswa is fatter than Kato.
2.	Teachers are important. Doctors are not important.
Teachers are more important than doctors.
Activity 
Re-write the sentences using…….. than……
1.	A dog runs fast. A deer runs faster.
2.	Goats are big. Cows are bigger.
3.	Musa is tall. Richard is not.
4.	An apple is sweet. Oranges are not sweet.
5.	A buffalo is very heavy. A cow is heavy.
6.	Caroline is ten years old. Jackie is nine years old.
7.	My grandmother is kilogrammes in weight.My grandfather is sixty kilogrammes in weight.
8.	Masaka road is wide. Jinja road is narrow
9.	English is easy. Mathematics is difficult.
10.	Mary is eight years old. Her brother is six years old.

GIVING DIRECTIONS 
Lesson 1 
Read the words 
Across, behind, far from, infront of, near, next to, along way, roundabout, signpost, after, before, junction, corner

Examples 
Walk across the road
Do not stand behind the lorry 

Exercise 
Use the words in the box to complete the sentences 
(roundabout, signpost, far, behind, near, next to, across, infront)
1.	She is standing………..of the house.
2.	The chair is…………the table.
3.	The market is………from the school.
4.	The doctor is standing…………the nurse.
5.	We went …………the river by boat.
6.	You should read the ……….before crossing the road.
7.	You are advised to drive slowly at the ………..

Lesson 21
Young ones of creatures.
Creature  							young one.
1.	Cat  							kitten
2.	Cow 							calf
3.	Hen						 	pullet / chick
4.	Cock 						cockerel
5.	Sheep						lamb
6.	Fish 							fry
7.	Goose 						gosling
8.	Horse /ass						 foal
9.	Dog 							puppy
10.	Pig 							piglet
11.	Elephant / whale 					calf
12.	Eagle 						eaglet
13.	Owl 							owlet
14.	Goat						 	kid
15.	Stallion foal/  					cold.
16.	Mare  						filly
17.	Frog / toad 						tadpole
18.	Butterfly / moth 					caterpillar.
19.	Fox/ bear/ lion/ leopard				 tiger – cub
20.	Bird 							nestling
21.	Duck 						duckling
22.	Bee/ wasp / 					grub
23.	Monkey / snake 					baby
24.	Rabbit 						bunny / rack
25.	Deer 						fawn.
Activity 
Complete these sentences correctly.
1.	An eagle is to eaglet as a goose is to………….
2.	A monkey is to …………….. as a fox is to cub.
3.	Lambs are to sheep as…….. are to elephants.
4.	A duck is to duckling as a butterfly is to……..
5.	Fish are to………….. as birds are to nestlings.
Fill in the correct young ones to each sentence.
6.	The cat carried the ………gently by its neck.
7.	Nine…………. were sleeping next to the sow.
8.	The mother bear will defend her……… with her life.
9.	During the night the whale gave birth to a …………..
10.	The teacher said that the …..would grow in to frogs.

Lesson 22
SOUNDS AND CREATURES
Creatures sound.
Hen 				clucks
Geese 			cackle
Duck 			quacks
Monkey 			chatters.
Frog 			croaks.
Wolf				howls.
Sheep / goat		bleats.
More from D.E.h pg 102 – 3
Junior English revised pg 141

Lesson 23
HOMES OF CREATURES
	Creature  						home
1.	Bear/ lion  						den
2.	Bird  						nest
3.	Dog  						kennel
4.	Fox 							 lair / earth.
More from junior English revised pg 138 D.H pg 103.

Lesson 24
VERBS AND TENSES
Definition: a verb is an action / doing word.
Examples of verbs; dig, drive, cut, write

TENSE
PRESENT TENSE
1.	Present simple tense – Lower class work – Review on everyday tense
2.	Present continuous tense – Lower class work – Review on now tense.
3.	Present perfect tense – Lower class work – Review on participles. Of the main verb.
Present simple tense is commonly used when referring to actions which happen everyday, always, weekly, monthly, generally, etc……
Singular nouns or pronouns take verbs with “s” / “es”/ “ies”
Examples
1.	Sometimes the teacher reads the news.
2.	She often washes her uniforms.
3.	Our housekeeper always carries our baby.

Plural nouns or pronouns which don’t take “s” , es” /ies.
Examples 
1.	Sometimes the teachers read the news.
2.	They often wash their uniforms.
3.	Our house keepers always carry our babies.
Use the correct form of words in brackets to complete the sentences.
1.	She …………. to me once a week. ( write)
2.	Basher……………..English very well. ( speak )
3.	You always ………………… church services every Sunday. ( attend)
4.	I ………….. Maths and Science. ( prefer)
5.	They normally………………… meat on Sundays. ( eat)
6.	Her uncle always ………………….. blue shirts. ( wear)
7.	We…………. Biology once a week. ( learn)
8.	Lillian and Sarah…………… net ball in school team. ( play)
9.	It rarely ……………. in December. ( rain)
10.	The house boy……………… our rabbits every Friday. (Feed).
Structures 
I am a …………..girl/ boy
Form correct sentences from the table 

I am 	
an 

a 	clean 
smart
bright
obedient 
kind
beautiful 	

boy 

girl 	

How does…………look like?
Examples 
How does Anguzu look like?
Anguzu is short and thin
Form questions from the table and answer them 

How does 	the maid 
the nurse
the teacher 
the matron 
your best friend 
the gate keeper
the shopkeeper
the driver 	

look like?	

Lesson 25
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE SETENCES
PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE
An affirmative sentence expresses agreement (yes)
A negative sentence expresses refusal / denial ( no / not)
Interrogative sentences ask questions with questioning words like, what , why, how, when, who, which, which, where e.t.c
To begin interrogatives at times we use helping verbs like do, does, is, did, had, has, have, will, was, e.t.c
NB A questions mark is always put at the end of an interrogative sentence.
Examples
1.	There is some water in the pot. ( affir)
2.	There isn’t any water in the pot. ( negative)
3.	Is there any water in the pot? ( interr)
Activity 
Re-write these sentences in to negative and interrogative.
1.	He eats some apples.
2.	There is some body in the classroom.
3.	Jane has new shoes.
4.	I have more money in my pocket.
5.	They play football every evening.
Activity 2
Re-write these sentences in affirmative.
1.	Does anybody wait for me outside?
2.	She is not a Ugandan.
3.	We don’t have any sugar in the bowl.
4.	Do they eat any mangoes?
5.	Does he keep the duster anywhere in this class?

Lesson 26
QUESTION TAGS
Lower class work: Review on helping verbs in the statements.
Definition
A question tag is a short question that comes at the end of a statement.
NB: Positive statements take negative question tags.
 Whereas negative statements take positive question tags
Examples 
1.	He is sick, isn’t he ?
2.	I am in primary four, aren’t I ?
3.	We grow millet, don’t we?
4.	Musoke doesn’t dig, well, does he?
5.	Children enjoy swimming, don’t they?
Activity 
Supply questions tags to the given statements
1.	She listens to her mother, ………………..?
2.	They are good boys,……………..?
3.	Namusoke doesn’t play net ball……………….?
4.	I am beautiful …………………?
5.	There isn’t any sugar in my tea…………..?
6.	That building has ten windows………………….?
7.	My uncle can ride a bicycle………………?
8.	We are not lazy, ………………..?
9.	Our teacher comes to school early,………………?
10.	Moslems don’t eat pork?

Lesson 27
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE (present simple tense)
Lower class work: Review perfect forms of the main verb.
Definition 
Active voice is a voice which clearly indicates the doer (subject) and the receiver ( object) of the action of the verb.
Passive voice is a voice which shows or emphasizes the object and the action of the verb.
NB when changing from active to passive we use
Is + perfect of main verb.
Are + perfect of the main verb.
Am + perfect of the main verb.
Examples
1.	The dogs chase a goat every day ( active)
A goat is chased by the dog everyday (Passive)
2.	They wash their cups. ( Active )
Cups are washed by them. (passive).
Activity 
Change the following sentences in to passive form of the present simple.
1.	I love Judith.
2.	Lions eat meat.
3.	Acon learns Mathematics.
4.	Stellah plays hockey.
5.	Those girls sing nice songs.
Re-write the following sentences in to active voice.
6.	The black board is cleaned by John everyday.
7.	Doctors are helped by nurses all the time.
8.	Rats are eaten by cats.
9.	People are driven in long vehicles some times.
10.	The pen is refilled by Sam every month.
Lesson 28
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE (NOW TENSE)
This tense is used to express actions which are taking place now.
Examples
1.	He is running to school.
2.	The shopkeeper is selling sugar.
3.	They are coming tomorrow.
Use the correct form of the words in brackets.
1.	Mary is …………… the classroom. ( dirty).
2.	The referee is …………….. the game. ( stop) 
3.	Jane is …………… under the tree. ( lie)
4.	They are…………… home work. ( write )
5.	 I am ……………… the goat. (tie )
6.	Peter and Sam are ………….. their friend Betty who lost a mother. ( pity)
7.	The term is …………… on Monday. ( Begin)
8.	Grand mother is ……………. her hair black. ( dye)
9.	We are …………English now. ( study)
10.	They are …………….. now. ( dine)

Lesson 30
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE (present continuous tense)
Activity 
Change the following sentences into negative and then interrogative.
1.	I am going home now.
2.	Baker is eating an apple.
3.	She is bringing it now.
4.	They are sitting for P.L.E
5.	The president is flying to U.S.A
6.	We are going to buy a car.
7.	The children are collecting water from the wall.
8.	The market vender is selling clothes and books.
9.	All the parents are paying school fees in the bank now.
10.	Primary four class is weaving baskets now.

Lesson 31
QUESTION TAGS (PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE)
Examples 
1.	Mukasa is sleeping on his, bed, isn’t he?
2.	I am feeding the puppies, aren’t I?
3.	I am not feeding the puppies, am I?
4.	Children aren’t eating supper, are they?
Activity 
Supply question tags to the following statements.
1.	I am revising my notes,…………………?
2.	We are not attending the meeting,……………….?
3.	The doctor is not attending to the patient,…………………?
4.	Schools are closing soon,……………?
5.	The farmer is not harvesting the crops,……………………..?
6.	Musa is climbing a tree, ……………………?

Lesson 32
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE (Present continuous tense)
1.	I am writing a letter. ( Active)
A letter is being written by me. (Passive)
2.	A lion is chasing us. ( Active )
We are being chased by a lion. (Passive)
Activity 
Change the following sentences in to passive form.
1.	She is listening to music.
2.	They are repairing a radio.
3.	Tom is teaching us.
4.	I am revising my SST. Notes
5.	They are writing poems.

Lesson 33
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Lower class work :Review participles of some verbs.
This is a tense which deals with events which have just taken place.
Examples 
1.	She has beaten the snake.
2.	We have put on dresses.
3.	Where has she gone?
Use the correct form of the verbs in the brackets complete the sentences.
1.	She has………… the teacher’s shoe. ( dirty)
2.	We have………….the beans today. ( sow)
3.	The baby has ……………. down. ( fall)
4.	My uncle has…………..my school fees. ( pay)
5.	The teacher has not …………… us English today. ( teach)
6.	Jane has …………….. a letter to her mother. ( write)
7.	The mad man has ………….. poison. ( drink)
8.	I have …………… the money. ( lose)
9.	The stubborn boy has…………… a store at the man’s car. ( throw)
10.	The house girl has…………… dad’s cup. ( break)
11.	Sheilla has ……………. my answer. ( copy)
12.	The girls have …………. all the classrooms. ( mop)

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE (Present perfect )
Examples
1.	She has bought some sugar. ( Affirm )
2.	She has not bought any sugar. (Negative)
Has she bought any sugar? ( interr)
Activity 
Change these sentences in to negatives then interrogative.
1.	The children have stolen some money.
2.	My mother has talked to some body about my behavior.
3.	The farmer has sown some beans.
4.	The soldiers have gone.
5.	My uncle has brought for us some guavas.

Lesson 35
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE (Present perfect tense)
Examples 
1.	He has taken a ring. (Active )
A ring has been taken by him. (passive)
2.	They have learnt English. (Active)
English has been learnt by them. (Passive)
Activity 
Change the following sentences in to passive form.
1.	We have spoken Latin.
2.	It has eaten the rat.
3.	Mary has torn a red book.
4.	Peter has cleaned it.
5.	Ugandans have built nice houses.
6.	I have hidden John’s bag.
7.	Proscovia has dropped a pot down.
8.	We have drawn the pictures of frogs.
9.	The bees have stung the robbers.
10.	The gatekeepers have kept the keys.

Lesson 36
ADJECTIVE QUALIFIERS
Lower class work .Joining sentences using “but” because” and 
Use of “so…………. that” and “such a ……..that”
Examples 
1.	He was a rich man. He bought the whole village.
He was so rich that he bought the whole village.
He was such a rich man that he bought the whole village.
Activity 
Join each sentences below in to a pair using 
a)	“ so ………………. that”
b)	“such a ……… that”
1.	He revised very hard. He passed well.
2.	The day was very hot. We could not rest in the house.
3.	Peter is very tall. He can touch the ceiling.
4.	The school is very old. It may fall down any time.
5.	The food was very cold. Nobody could eat it.

Lesson 37
Use of “too….to…. (Express negative ideas.)
Examples 
1.	The lady is very fat. She cannot run.
The lady is too fat to run.
2.	The box is very heavy. Aida cannot lift it.
The box is too heavy for Aida to lift.
Activity 
Rewrite the following sentences using “too….to”
1.	Peter is very young. He cannot carry a jerry can of water.
2.	The tree is very big. The boys can’t climb it.
3.	Maths is very hard. I failed to pass it.
4.	The block is very heavy. Mary cannot carry it.
5.	A hare is very fast. It can’t be caught by a dog.
6.	The river was very fast. We could not swim across it.
7.	He was very wise and he didn’t go.
8.	The chair is very small. I cannot sit on it.
9.	Her letter is very difficult. None of us could read and understand it.
10.	The tea is so hot. We cannot drink it.

Lesson 38
Use of enough to ………..”
Enough is used after an adjective or adverb.
Examples
1.	The wind was very strong .It blew off the roof of his house.(Affirmative)
The wind was strong enough to blow off the roof of his house.
2.	Tom is very young .He can’t go to school. (Negative)
Tom is not old enough to go to school.
NB It is wrong to “enough “and “that”
It should be “enough ……..to”
When one of the sentences is negative, we use the opposite of the adjective given…..not…..enough ….to e.g.
I am very weak. I can’t walk.
I am not strong enough to walk.
Activity 
Join the following sentences using (enough to ………..)
1.	John is very brave. He can fight a lion.
2.	Ritah is very short. She cannot touch the roof.
3.	Christine is ugly .She cannot get married to such a humble man.
4.	Diana is clever. She will get a first grade.
5.	She came late. She missed the first examination.
6.	The tree is very big. Primary four pupils can’t cut it.
Re-write the following sentences using enough ….to…….
1.	He was so strong that he lifted it without any help.
2.	Our head teacher was such a kind man that he allowed me in class.

TOPIC 3: WHAT I LIKE AND HOW I FEEL 
VOCABULARY 
Read these words 
Desire, enjoy, prefer, cooking, dancing, playing, reading, riding, singing, drink, food, fruits, soda, football
Exercise 
Use the correct spellings of the words given in the brackets to complete the sentences 
1.	We………..good life (deresi) 
2.	They……………music. (joyen) 
3.	I ………..peas to beans. (fpreer) 
4.	She likes dancing and …………….(ngiings) 
5.	He likes cold………………(nkdris) 
6.	Eat a lot of …………to keep healthy. (ruitfs) 
7.	We were served with different………..at the party. (oofd) 
8.	Our school won the………..match. (ballfoot) 
STRUCTURES 
1.	I like………../ I don’t like………
Examples 
1.	I like playing football.
2.	I don’t like playing in rain.
Exercise 
Form sentences from the table below 

I 	like 
do not like 	walking in a group 
dancing 
abusing people 
sweet drinks 
sour fruits 	

Using he/ she likes…….. We / they like……….
Examples
He/ she likes watching television 
We/ They like sweet drinks 
Exercise 
Form meaningful sentences from the table below 
He 
She 
We 
They 	
like 
likes 	milking cows
digging in the garden
visiting the zoo
collecting fruits 	

Lesson 39
Use of “prefer”
Examples
1.	I like mangoes more than oranges.
I prefer mangoes to oranges.
2.	Boys enjoy football more than volley ball.
Boys prefer football to volley ball.
3.	John is interested in English but not Maths.
John prefers English to Maths.
4.	I like poems but I like riddles much more.
I prefer riddles to poems.
Activity 
Re-write these sentences using “prefer”
1.	Peter enjoys playing more than reading.
2.	She is interested in visiting friends but not revising notes.
3.	The boys have stolen the money. The girls have stolen the money.
4.	The teachers will come early. The pupils will come early.
5.	He can do it. I can do it.

Lesson 41
Use of neither ….nor….)
NB Neither is a negative word that shows none of the two will happen.
Examples
1.	 Musa does not smoke. Mukasa does not smoke.
Neither Musa nor Mukasa smokes.
2.	The teachers did not go. The pupils did not go.
Neither the teachers nor the pupils went.
Evaluation activity 
Re-write these sentences using neither…..nor………)
1.	Suzan will not dance. Suzan will not sing.
2.	He does not eat. He does not drink.
3.	She cannot fly. She cannot swim.
4.	He has not written. He has not called.
5.	Mary is not happy. Sarah is not happy.
6.	Tom is not watching TV. He is not listening to music.
7.	The visitors did not greet. The hosts did not greet.
8.	Salama was not a Uganda .Salama was not a Kenyan. 

Lesson 42
Use of ……….both…….and……..
Example
1.	The drink was sour. The drink was expired.
The drink was both sour and expired.
Evaluation activity 
Re- write the sentences using ………. Both…….
1.	Mr. Kato is a farmer. Mr. Kato is a doctor.
2.	The boys are smart. The girls are smart.
3.	Peter is a lazy pupil.Mary is a lazy pupil.
4.	The mother was not at home. The father was not at home.
5.	Namukasa is beautiful .Namukasa is smart.
6.	He is rich. I am also rich.

Lesson 43
Use of although
1.	Mr. Kato is a rich man. Mr. Kato does not have a car.
Although Mr. Kato is a rich man, he does not have a car.
Mr. Kato does not have a car although he is a rich man.
Evaluation Activity
1.	 We came to school. It was raining heavily.
2.	She is a beautiful girl. She is unmarried.
3.	Some Africans are poor. They work hard.
4.	He rarely beats his children .He is a cruel man.
5.	They were friendly but nobody helped them.
6.	Jane is a clever girl but she is always late at school.
7.	They were sure of their answers.
8.	The beggar is poor but honest.

Lesson 44
Use of ….because….
Example
I am happy. My mother bought for me a new pair of shoes.
I am happy because my mother bought for me a new pair of shoes.
Evaluation activity 
1.	Buule got a present at school. Buule is happy.
2.	Watoya played the whole day.Watoya is tired.
3.	The shop keeper’s money has been stolen .The shopkeeper is sad.
4.	Birungi is beautiful .she passed the beauty content.
5.	David ruled for a long time. David was a good ruler.
6.	The portrait of president Obama was good. It sold off quickly.
7.	She doesn’t disturb her neighbours. She is quite.
8.	He got the first prize in “vroomula draw. He was very excited.
9.	Onyait was brave.Onyait killed the lion.
10.	The glutton eats too much food. She gets satisfied.

Lesson 45
Using a dictionary (Alphabetical order)
Lower class work .Order by first letter.
NB: There are two methods of putting words in alphabetical.
a)	By canceling method
b)	By table method.
Examples 
1.	Tunnel, tank, top, tin, ten
Methods 
i)	Cancelling method.
ii)	You first write the letter of alphabet.
	a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z.
tunnel,		tank,		top,		tin,		ten.
u 			a		o		I		e
Table  method
t	a	n	k			
t	u	n	n	e	l	
t	o	p				
t	i	n				
t	e	n				

Tank ,		ten,		tin,		top,		tunnel.
Evaluation activity 
Arrange the words in alphabetical order.
1.	Fox, dog, buck, elephant, angle.
2.	Card, chard, car, catch.
3.	Back, paper, parcel, park.
4.	Mouth,	would, shade, Monday.
5.	Pawpaw, 	pears, pineapples, peas.
6.	Teachers, nurse, doctor

Lesson 46 
PRONOUNS 
A pronoun is a word that can be used in a place of a noun.
KINDS OF PRONOUNS
Lower class work .Replacing the underlined nouns with pronouns in sentences.
i)	Personal pronouns e.g. I, we, she, he, it, you
ii)	  Possessive pronouns e.g. mine, yours, ours, hers, his, their, it’s
iii)	Adjectives pronouns e.g. their, your, my, our, her, his.
iv)	Reflex pronouns e.g. yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself, oneself, myself.
v)	  Demonstrative pronouns e.g. this, these, that, those.
vi)	Reflexive pronouns e.g. when, who, which, that, why, whom, whose.
Personal pronouns (subjective or nominative pronoun)
1.	I came yesterday.
2.	You are my chief enemy.
3.	He fasted for two days.
4.	She is absent.
5.	It was on TV.
6.	We will go together.
7.	They promised to come today

Objective pronouns 
Examples
1.	 They will eat with us.
2.	Give that book to me.
3.	She works with him.
4.	I shall give it to her.
5.	She stays with them.

Evaluation activity
Rewrite the sentences replacing the underlined words with their correct pronouns.
1.	Musoke is the head master.
2.	The goat was stolen.
3.	I thanked Namusoke for helping my uncle.
4.	Sarah and I are going to church.
5.	The boys swept the class room.
6.	We shall eat with Musoke , Annet and Jane.
7.	The book belongs to Henry and I
8.	Mary enjoys swimming.

Lesson 47
Possessive pronouns
These are pronouns that show ownership. E.g. mine, his, ours, hers, yours, your, its, ours.
Examples 
1.	That is Obama’s pen.
That is his pen.
2.	I am carrying Stella’s bag.
I am carrying her bag.
Evaluation activity 
Re-write the sentences replacing the noun with their appropriate possessive pronouns. 
1.	That ball pen is Ritah’s
2.	Was that John and Peter’s desk?
3.	Those chairs are for James and I.
4.	Is that Kato’s home?
Re-write sentences using possessive pronouns.
5.	That pen belongs to me.
It is …………………………..
6.	Those bags are for me.
They are…………………….
7.	This Kennel belongs to that dog.
It is……………………………….
8.	We made those dolls.
They are……………………………..
9.	These clothes belong to Molly and Mary.
They are ……………………………….
10.	This is our school.
It is……………………

Lesson 48
Reflexive and Adjective pronouns
Adjectives pronouns
These are pronouns used as adjectives. E.g. my, yours, his, her, their, our.
Reflexive pronouns
These are pronouns formed by adding “self” or “ selves” on most of the adjective pronouns.
e.g.
Adjective pronouns  						Reflexive pronouns
My  										myself 
Our  										ourselves
You’re  								your selves
Her 										 herself
His (him)  							himself
Its 										 it self
Their ( them) 							 themselves.
One’s  									oneself.

Evaluation activity
Use reflexive pronouns to replace the underlined word in the sentence.
1.	The boy did the work with out help.
2.	The teacher told Jesca to do the exercise a lone.
3.	We organized the party and no one helped us.
4.	The boy learnt to walk with out assistance.
5.	Kakama and his friend went to Kampala and no one escorted him.
6.	Teo’s daddy drove that lorry with out help.

Complete the sentences with the correct reflexive pronoun.
7.	 I have cut……………………..
8.	They carried that luggage…………………
9.	One should keep one’s property………………..
10.	The bird takes care of its young ones…………….

Lesson 49
RELATIVE PRONOUNS 
These are pronouns used in clauses which are related e.g. who, which, whose, whom, why, whose, where, when
Examples 
1.	That man is my friend .He was knocked down.
That man who was knocked down is my friend.
2.	That is the house .My father stays there.
That is the house where my father stays there.
3.	Richard is the boy. I gave him my book.
Richard is the boy whom I gave my book.
Evaluation activity
Re-write the sentences as instructed in the brackets.
1.	Our teacher has a car. He comes from Naguru. (Rewrite using ……who…..)
2.	The money was stolen .The man was in the desk. (Rewrite the sentence using…..which.)
3.	This is the girl .Her mother was kidnapped. (Rewrite the sentences using …whose…)
4.	The soldier was badly hurt. The children saw him.(Rewrite the sentence using……...whom..)
5.	The cow died. Its tail was cut off. (Re-write the sentence using ………whose….)
6.	I saw the place. My uncle used to stay there. (Rewrite using…where….)
7.	I can’t remember the year. Her father died. 9Rewrite using ………….when……..)
8.	Here comes the lady. Her house was broken in to (Rewrite using….whose….)
9.	We spoke to the farmer. His animals were sick. (Rewrite using …..whose…)
10.	The lady stole a baby. She was beaten terribly. (Rewrite using ……..who…..)

Lesson 50 – 53 
OPPOSITES
Examples
Word  						opposites
1.	Absent
2.	Ugly
3.	Easy
4.	Dry
5.	 Hot
6.	Begin
7.	Love
8.	Find
9.	Love
10.	Bravely

Words that form opposites by adding prefix
Word formed by adding prefix “un”
Word  					opposite 
Able 						unable
Kind
Fortunate
Tidy
Fair 

Prefix “dis”
Word  					opposite.
Like  					dislike
Agree
Honest
Obey
Appear

Prefix “mis”
Word   					opposite
Use  						misuse
Interpret
Behave
Fortune
Treat
Trust
Judge

Prefix “ill” 
Word  					opposite
Literate 				 illiterate
Legible
Legal
Legitimate
Liberal

Prefix “im”
Movable 					 immovable
Probable
Perfect
Patient
Possible
Mortal
Pure
Polite
Proper
Penetrable

Prefix “in”
Word  					opposite
Complete 			incomplete
Correct
Capable
Sane
Visible
Justice
Famous
Sincere
Gratitude
Equality
Sufficient

Prefix “ lr”
Regular 				 irregular
Responsible
Resistible
Reversible
Reverent 
Relevant

Suffix “less” / “full”
Word  						opposite
Care  						careless / careful
Hope
Pain
Need
Harm
Mercury
Rest
Pity
Cheer
Use
Chance
Power
Doubt
Shame
Thank 
More from D.E.h pg 9-18
Activity
Learners complete the above tables. 

COMPREHESION 
Topic 1: describing people and objects 
1.	Write a short passage describing how you look.
2.	Read the story and answer questions about it “Mr. Male marries a rich woman”
3.	Read the dialogue and answer the questions about it in full sentences pg 23
4.	Read the story and answer the questions that follow “The price for chicken” pupils bk pg 24
5.	Guided composition pupils bk pg 25
Question about the dialogue 
1.	Who broke into Bebwa’s house?
2.	What did he steal?
3.	How was the short woman dressed?
4.	In which book was the statement written?
5.	What was the colour of the woman’s dress?
6.	What time of the day was the conversation held?
7.	How many people were conversing?
8.	Which item was green?
9.	Where did the police officer write what Bebwa said?
10.	Suggest the title of the dialogue.

GIVING DIRECTIONS 
1.	Read the dialogue and answer the questions about it  (pupils bk 4 pg 39)
2.	Read the poem and answer the questions about it (pupils book 4 pg 40)
Questions about the poem 
1.	What words show direction in the poem?
2.	What place has been mentioned in the poem?
3.	How was Petra found out?
4.	What lesson do you learn from the poem?
5.	How many stanzas does the poem have?
6.	What is the poem about?
7.	Who wrote the poem?
8.	When did Petra learn a lesson?
9.	Which lesson did Petra learn?
10.	Explain the meaning of the word “Butcher’s

Read the story and answer the questions about it in full sentences “Gombe Hospital” PPls bk pg 41

WHAT I LIKE AND WHAT I FEEL 
1.	Read the dialogue and answer the questions about it (Ppls bk pg 50)
2.	Rad the passage and answer the questions in full sentences “Our home” (Ppls bk pg 51)
3.	Copy and fill the puzzle correctly in your exercise book (Ppls bk pg 53)
4.	Dialogue (Ppls bk pg 58)
5.	Poem “A smile” (Ppls bk pg 59)
Questions about the poem 
1.	Who is the poet?
2.	How many stanzas make up the poem?
3.	How many lines does the poem have?
4.	What is the poem about?
5.	What do enemies do?
6.	Write let’s in full 
7.	Give another word or group of words to mean “stranger”

Letter: (Ppls bk pg 59)
Guided composition (Ppls bk pg 60) 
Story “Kabanda’s children go to school” (Ppls bk pg 61) 

Questions about the story 
1.	Who did Mrs. Banda take to Kamuli primary school?
2.	Why did Mrs. Banda go to the bursar?
3.	Did Mrs. Banda pay full school fees?
4.	What shows that Mrs. Banda is a good mother?
5.	List down four items Mrs. Banda bought for her children.
6.	Who will join primary six
7.	Why did Mrs. Banda return to the secretary?
8.	Who is 10years old?
9.	How many children had Mr. and Mrs. Banda 

ENGLISH LESSON NOTES TERM II 
TOPIC: BEHAVIOR
Good and bad behavior 
GOOD BEHAVIOR 
Vocabulary 
Read and complete sentences using the following words 
Rude, abuse, careless, dodge, damage, burns, kind, quarrel, lies, fight, disobey, cheating, hit, steal
1.	It is not good to………school property 
2.	When you are ………..you lose a lot of things.
3.	You should not …………anybody.
4.	It is …………to abuse your friend.
5.	When you……..your friends, you should be punished.
6.	Fire…………dry objects
7.	Bad children……….pens and pencils from drawer
8.	If you …………….your elders, you are disobedient 
9.	Lazy children………………work.
10.	People who tell………..are not honest

Structures 
My I …………please? Yes, you may……. No, I am sorry you may not…….
Form correct sentences from the table 

May I 	clean 
have
take 
use 
wash 	the kitchen
some pieces of chalk
the animals 
your duster 
your chair 
the saucepan 
the clothes out 	

please?	

Forgive me for………
 Examples 
Forgive me for breaking the glass.
Forgive me for picking the fruit 

Make sentences from these phrases 
1.	I beat the baby. 	Forgive me for beating the baby.
2.	I stole the money 
3.	I tore the clothes 
4.	I broke the chair 
5.	I made noise
6.	I came late 

USING ‘SHOULD AND MUST 
Example 
You should tell the truth all the time
You must tell the truth all the time 
You should always be careful when doing work
You must always be careful when doing work 
Activity 
Use these given word phrases to construct meaningful sentences using should and must 
1.	Telling the truth 
2.	Being honest
3.	Being careful when doing work
4.	Being kind to others 
5.	Doing work at home 
6.	Going to school early 
7.	Helping other people 
8.	Talking nicely to friends 
9.	Telling lies 
10.	Being dishonest 
11.	Being careless when doing work 
12.	Being unkind to others 
13.	Quarreling with others 

ADVERBS
Lesson 1
Lower class work
An adverb is a word that tells us more about verbs, adjectives and other adverbs.
Classes of adverbs
1.	Adverbs of manner e.g. beautifully, nicely.
2.	Adverbs of time e.g. yesterday, soon, before, today.
3.	Adverbs of duration e.g.
4.	Adverbs of frequency e.g. often, rarely, usually, ever, seldom, normally, commonly, frequently.
5.	Adverbs of place e.g. nowhere, everywhere, here, three, outside, anywhere, at home.
6.	Adverbs of degree e.g. much, almost, only, rather, very, quite.
Activity 
Underline the adverbs in the given statements.
1.	Those girls speak loudly.
2.	Most people talk politely.
3.	The teacher told us to write well.
4.	The badly behaved boys were punished.
5.	The guest of honour is arriving soon.
6.	That girl’s work is quite good.
7.	The teacher has taught us for three hours.
8.	It rarely rains in December.
9.	She has been in this since 2005.
10.	Butter flies are found everywhere.

Lesson 2 – 3  
FORMATION OF ADVERBS
Most adverbs are formed out of adjectives by simply adding “ly”
Example 
Adjective 						 Adverb
1.	Clear 						 clearly
2.	Proud
3.	Quick
4.	Poor
5.	Fair
6.	Cheap
7.	Sudden 

Adverbs that are formed by adding “ly” although they end with “e”
Word  						adverb
1.	Nice					 nicely
2.	Wise
3.	Rude
4.	Complete
5.	Sincere
6.	Polite
7.	Care

That end with a vowel before “e”
Word 							adverb
True  							truly

Adverbs which are formed by dropping “le” and replacing it with “ly”
	Word  						adverbs
1.	Humble  						humbly
2.	Simple 
3.	Possible
4.	Terrible
5.	Sensible
6.	Gentle
7.	Suitable
8.	Miserable
9.	Probable
Adjectives that end with “y” changes “y” to “I “ and add “ ly”
	Adjective  					adverb
1.	Angry  					angrily
2.	Lucky
3.	Steady 
4.	Easy
5.	Heavy
6.	Lazy
7.	Noisy
8.	Clumsy 
9.	Merry
	Verb 					adverb
	Hurry  					hurriedly
	Steal  					stealthily

Adjectives that end with “I” form adverbs by simply adding “ly”
Adjective  					Adverb
1.	Grateful  					gratefully
2.	Careful
3.	Equal
4.	Practical
5.	Accidental
6.	Skilful
7.	Royal
8.	Annual
9.	Mental
10.	Hopeful

Activity
Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the given word.
1.	 The boy left the dormitory at night ……………..( stealthy)
2.	I got the answer to that question……… ( accidental )
3.	The work men………….protested against their working conditions (angry)
4.	On hearing the noise the doctor, went to the theatre……….. ( immediate)
5.	She ate her food………… ( hurry)
Use an adverb in the place of the underlined words.
6.	The thief was beaten without mercy.
7.	The cup was broken with force.
8.	He shouted at her with anger.
9.	The president left the rally in a hurry.
10.	She welcomed her mother by cheering.

Order of adverbs
The order of adverbs is manner, place and time.

Examples
1.	Beautiful aunt my is a lady very.
My aunt is a very beautiful lady.
2.	Was hurriedly yesterday Mary school to going.
Mary was hurriedly ( manner) going to school (place) yesterday (time)
Activity
Put the following words in their correct order to make a good sentence.
1.	 London just madina for left has.
2.	Last night cried loudly the baby.
3.	The quickly thief walked bedroom to the 
4.	mum softly my speaks.
5.	in class done the exercise wonderfully was yesterday.
6.	a good habit reading is silently.
7.	smartly thee wedding gown my father dressed was in.

PREPOSITION
Word 					 preposition
1.	Congratulate 			 on, for, up on
2.	Concentrate 			 on
3.	Conscious 				 of
4.	Lean 				 against
5.	Escape  				from
6.	Good  				at 
7.	Familiar  				to / with 
More in Mk precise pg 178- 179
D.E.h pg 95
Exercise from Mk pps task pg 59.
Lesson 6 -7 

BUYING AND SELLING 
Vocabulary 
Study these words
Some, a few, cheap, expensive, kilogrammes, prices, items, a bar, a littre, metres, packet, cost

Activity 
Complete the following sentences using the words given above 
1.	The shopkeeper is selling……….sugar 
2.	There are……… Irish potatoes left
3.	The bread is……….in Musa’s shop
4.	Some items are more……….than others.
5.	Rice and sugar are sold in……….
6.	I would like ………….of soap.
7.	Milk and cooking oil are sold in………..
8.	You can buy cloth in…………
9.	Alice has a …………of biscuits
10.	What is the …………….of a pair of shoes?
11.	A good shop shows …………of items.
12.	Different …………are well arranged in the shop.
Using ‘some and any’
Examples 
1.	I have some sugar in the shop.
2.	I don’t have any sugar in the shop 
3.	John has some salt in the tin.
4.	John doesn’t have any salt in the tin
Complete using ‘some’ and ‘any’
1.	There is…………paraffin in the jerrycan.
2.	We do not have…………biscuits left.
3.	She has …………cassava flour in the sack.
4.	She doesn’t have…………..meat on the plate.
5.	They have………….soap to wash their clothes.
6.	They have bought …………milk today.
7.	I keep ……….powdered milk for the baby.
8.	I do not want ………coloured pencils.
9.	Godfrey is waiting for………food from the market.
10.	Andrew does not grow…………Irish potatoes 
11.	There isn’t ………money left in my account 
12.	There was hardly ………….visitor in the church.

TENSE
Past tense
a)	Past simple tense – lower class work – Review yesterday tense.
b)	Past continuous tense – lower class work- Review present continuous tense.
c)	Past perfect tense – lower class work –Review on participle of the main verb.
d)	Past perfect continuous.
Past simple tense refers to the past events which are not related to the present.
Most verbs form their past by adding “ed” to the verbs
Verb  							simple past tense
1.	Look  					looked
2.	Borrow
3.	Bark
4.	Stop
5.	Prefer
6.	Clap
7.	Bury
8.	Fry
9.	Dirty
10.	Carry
11.	Lie
12.	Tie
13.	Die
14.	Dye
15.	Move
16.	Mean
17.	Spoil
18.	Dream
19.	Burn
20.	Deal
21.	Sleep
22.	Sweep
23.	Keep
24.	Kneel

Verb past  				simple tense
1.	Drink  				drank
2.	Ring
3.	Shrink
4.	Swim
5.	Sink
6.	Spring
7.	Dig 					 dug
8.	Sting  				stung
9.	Strike
10.	Tear
11.	Break
12.	Be
13.	Grow
14.	Seek
15.	Sit
16.	Wind
17.	Shine
18.	Put
More from D.E.h I pg 32 – 35
Activity pps 21 from Mk precise pg 81

Lesson 8
AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE (PAST SIMPLE TENSE)
Examples
1.	A – He came to school late yesterday.
N - He did not come to school yesterday.
I – Did he come to school late yesterday?
Evaluation
Change the sentences in to negative and interrogative form
1.	 She bought some sugar.
2.	I helped some body yesterday. 
3.	We ate some meat yesterday.
4.	He had something in his pocket.
5.	Sarah took her friend to school.

Lesson 9
Lower class work: Review helping verbs in the statement.
Examples
1.	She came to school yesterday, didn’t she?
2.	They did not eat anything, did they?
3.	I couldn’t talk to him, could I ?
Evaluation activity
Supply a correct question tag.
1.	Jane enjoyed the music,…………….?
2.	We did not see him,………………?
3.	Kato could ride the bicycle,………………?
4.	She might come today,……………?
5.	I ought to go home,……………..?
6.	They did not do their homework,………………?
7.	He had to take back the changer,………………?
8.	Mr. Musoke marked our books,……………..?
Lesson 10
Active and passive voice (past simple tense)
Examples 
1.	Mary cooked a lot of food.
2.	A lot food was cooked by Mary.
Evaluation Activity 
1.	Namusoke swept the classroom.
2.	The teacher marked all the books.
3.	The doctor took the patient in the operation room.
4.	The dog ate our hen
5.	The children mopped all the verandas.
6.	Jane saw the robbers.
7.	I hid it under the mat.
8.	He killed the rat.
9.	The teacher taught him English
10.	The Europeans fooled us.

TOPIC: TIME 
Vocabulary 
Read these words
Morning, break time, afternoon, night, yesterday, midday, early, after, evening, lunch time 

Activity 
Make six sentences from the above words 

The use of ‘before’ and ‘after’
Example 
I slept after saying a prayer (Use …….before) 
I said a prayer before sleeping.

Activity 
Rewrite using………after………
1.	I ate the food before going to bed
2.	I washed my hands before eating 
3.	I did my homework before going to play 
Rewrite using ……before……..
4.	Muslims enter the mosque after removing their shoes 
5.	The cook served food after ringing the bell.

Lesson 11
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
Lower class work: Review present continuous tense.
This tense is used to show that two events are or were taking place at the same time.
Examples 
1.	We were cleaning the compound while the teachers were supervision.
2.	As I was digging, my mother was cooking.
3.	When we were coming to school, we met a mad man
Evaluation Activity
From Mk precise pps bk pg 83

Lesson 12
AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE
(Past continuous)
Examples
A – She was ringing the bell.
N – She was not ringing the bell.
I – Was she ringing the bell?
Evaluation
Change the sentences in to negative and interrogative forms.
1.	They were repairing his bed.
2.	Simon was closing the door.
3.	He was mending his shoes.
4.	They were playing football.
5.	I was preparing supper.

LESSON 13
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE OF PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
Examples 
A – Time was selling rotten eggs.
P – Rotten eggs were being sold by Tim.
Evaluation Activity
Exercise E pg 100 Mk precise

Lesson 14
QUESTION TAGS.
Examples 
1.	She was peeling matooke, wasn’t she?
2.	They were not sleeping, were they?
Evaluation Activity
1.	We were listening to music,………………..?
2.	I was helping him,…………………….?
3.	The baby was crying,……………..?
4.	They were digging,………………..?
5.	Kato was slashing the compound, ………………….?
6.	Sarah and Ann were dancing,…………………..?
7.	The dog was sleeping,………………………?

Lesson 13
PAST PERFECT TENSE
Lower class work: Review the participle of the main verbs.
This tense is used to show that one event took place before another but in the past. This tense is also used to indicate that an event took place before a certain fixed time.
Examples 
1.	By the time he arrived, I had slept.
2.	The baby had died when the doctor arrived.
3.	By December last year, he had done his examinations.
Evaluation Activity
Mk precise pupil’s task pg 85

Lesson 16
Affirmative, Negative and interrogative (past perfect tense)
Examples 
1.	He had eaten supper.
2.	He had not eaten supper
3.	Had he eaten supper?
Evaluation change the sentences in to negative and interrogative forms
1.	She had spotted the car.
2.	Mary had read the book.
3.	Peter had cleaned it.
4.	She had seen the robber.
5.	Musoke had gone home.

Lesson 17
QUESTION TAGS
Examples 
1.	Jane had not eaten anything,………………….?
2.	 We had seen it,……………..?
3.	Namutebi had not yet gone,………………..?
4.	Musoke and Ann had slept,………………..?
5.	It had rained heavily,…………………?
6.	The dog had died,………………..?
7.	You had seen me,………………………..?

Lesson 18
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE OF PAST TENSE
Examples
1.	A – Sheila had stolen the money.
2.	P – The money had been stolen by Sheila.
Evaluation 
Exercise H Mk precise pps task pg 101.

Lesson 19
FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE
Lower class work
Review use of will or shall.
We use this tense when thinking of or imagining an action or event that will take place at a point of time in future.
Examples 
1.	He will eat posho.
2.	I shall come back tomorrow.
Activities on pg 88 Mk precise pps task 25.

Lesson 20
Affirmative, Negative and interrogative
(Future simple tense)
Example
1.	A – Peter will see his teacher tomorrow.
2.	N – Peter won’t see his teacher tomorrow.
3.	– will Peter see his teacher tomorrow?
Activity 
Rewrite these sentences in negative and interrogative
1.	I shall prepare posho to night.
2.	Andrew will buy a new car.
3.	Boarders will sleep early tomorrow.
4.	We shall have a meeting next week.
5.	I shall keep it somewhere.
6.	He will eat something before lunch.

Lesson 21
QUESTIONS TAGS (FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE)
Lower class work: Review the helping verbs in the tense.
Examples
1.	They won’t visit us today, will they?
2.	I shall manage that work, shan’t I ?
Activity 
Supply question tags
1.	We shall take all the money,…………………?
2.	The bay won’t cry at night,………………….?
3.	John will drive his car,…………….?
4.	Carol will win a prize,…………………..?
5.	We shall not study at night,…………….?
6.	I will go to the market after class,…………………….?
7.	We shall meet next week,………………………?
8.	She will be a good teacher,……………………?
9.	Paul won’t see the doctor,………………………?
10.	Mother will take care of the baby,……………..?

Lesson 22
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
(Future simple tense )
1.	Jane will take the ball (active)
The ball will be taken by Jane. 
Activity 
Re-write the following sentences in to passive voice.
1.	Peter will beat all the girls.
2.	We shall carry it.
3.	I will answer many questions.
4.	They will sweep it.
5.	He will clean the room.
6.	She will learn science
7.	They will guide us.
8.	Stella will write to me.
9.	The timekeeper will ring the bell.

Lesson 23
FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
The tense is used when saying or writing about an event that is taking place for a period of time in the future.
We use helping verbs” will be” / “shall be” + a main verb ending in ….”ing”
Examples.
1.	We shall be leaving for Nairobi next week.
2.	She won’t be seeing us for several days.
Activity 
Mk precise pg 89 pps task 26.

Lesson 24
AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE
(Future continuous tense)
Examples 
A – They will be sowing the beans.
N – They won’t be sowing the beans.
I – Will they be sowing the beans?
Activity 
Re-write the sentences in negative and interrogative forms.
1.	She will be buying some sugar.
2.	I shall be talking to some body.
3.	He will be writing to his father.
4.	He will be preparing something for you.
5.	Students will be leaving for a short holiday soon.
6.	We shall be coming early next week.

Lesson 25
QUESTION TAGS
Future continuous tense
Examples
1.	 We shall be singing nicely, shan’t we?
2.	They won’t listen to you, will they?
Activity 
1.	They will be sweeping the class room,……………?
2.	The teachers will be teaching us,…………….?
3.	I shall be informing them,……………….?
4.	The children will be cleaning the windows,………………..?
5.	The squirrels will be hiding,…………………..?
6.	I shall be building my house,……………….?
7.	Peter will be writing to his father,…………………?
8.	Willy and Peter won’t be coming,…………….?
9.	We shan’t be missing lunch,………………..?
10.	I shall be fishing from the pond,………………..?

Lesson 26
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE (Future continuous tense) 
Examples 
A – Jane will be baking cakes.
P – Cakes will be being baked by Jane.
Activity 
Re-write in passive voice.
1.	The teacher will be marking our books.
2.	He will be seeing the preacher.
3.	The doctor will be helping me.
4.	John will be helping me.
5.	Kato will be washing the dishes.
6.	Sarah will be receiving visitors.
7.	The farmers will be harvesting crops.
8.	James will be marrying Sarah.

Lesson 29
ANALOGIES
Lower class work; Review occupation, opposite, homes, young ones and sounds of creatures
Examples 
1.	Little is to big as dwarf is to giant.
Activity 
Put the suitable words in the space below.
1.	A spider is to fly as cat is to……………..
2.	Sheep is to mutton as pig is………..
3.	……………….. is to donkey as neigh is to horse.
4.	………………is to hand as toe is to foot.
5.	North is to ……………….. as East is to West.
6.	Tears is to sorrow as smile is ……….
7.	Cat is to kitten as……… is to puppy.
8.	………… are to birds as scales are to fish.
9.	Flock is to sheep as…..is to cattle.
10.	Eat is to ………….. as go is to went
11.	Food is to hungry as drink is to …………
12.	Knives are to …………as guns are to shoot.
More in first Aid in Eng pg 34 -35.

Lesson 30
SIMILES
Lower class work: Comparison of objects 
Similes: When a description of some thing or someone is made in comparison to something else, we call that kind of comparison a smile.
Examples
1.	As busy as a bee / ant
2.	U.P.D.F soldiers are as brave as a lion.
Activity 
Complete these with the correct similes.
1.	As calm as………………..
2.	As devoted as a ……………….
3.	As fast as a…………………
4.	As gentle as a ………………………
5.	As happy as a …………….
6.	As a like as ……..
7.	As patient as ……….
8.	As quiet as a ……………..
9.	As sober as a ………………….
10.	As tender as a …………………
11.	As wise as ……………
12.	As cunning as a ………………
13.	As flat as a ………………..
14.	As hungry as a ………………
15.	As heavy as an …………
16.	As playful as a ………………
17.	As poor as a ………………
18.	As proud as a ……………..
19.	As silly as a ……………….
20.	As white as …………

COMPREHENSION AND COMPOSITION WORK
Lesson 1
Vocabulary 
1.	Dialogue (Ppls bk pg 72) 
2.	Poem (Ppls bk pg 73) 
3.	Passage “Break time at school canteen” (Ppls bk pg 74) 
4.	Jumbled sentences “The obedient boy” (Ppls bk pg 77) 
5.	Puzzle “ Copy and complete the puzzle by filling in the missing words (Ppls bk pg 78)

Bad behavior 
1.	Poem (Ppls bk pg 85) 
2.	Dialogue (Ppls bk pg 85)
3.	Passage (Ppls bk pg 86)
4.	A table showing bad behavior done by different children 
David 	Stealing a bag	
Musa 	Disobeying his parents 	
Ritah	Fighting her friend 	
Nelly	Dodging homework 	
Lule 	Hitting a cat	
Carol	Lying to her teacher 	
Faith 	Dodging homework	

Questions 
1.	What did Ritah do?
2.	How many children are shown on the table?
3.	Who lied to her teacher?
4.	What did David do?
5.	Who disobeyed his parents?
6.	Who did the same bad behavior?
7.	What is the table about?
8.	What do you think teacher did to Nelly and Faith 
Picture composition 
Form sentences about each picture 
1.	……..
2.	……………
3.	……………………….
4.	………….
5.	Who was careless?
6.	Why did Jumba climb the tree?
7.	Who should be punished?
8.	Why did the cows go to eat the maize?
9.	What should Jumba do?
10.	Where do you think Juma was taken?

Buying and selling 
1.	Poem (Ppls pg 99) 
2.	Dialogue (ppls pg 100) 
3.	Passage (Ppls pg 100 – 101 (market days) 
4.	Picture composition 
Form sentences about each picture 
1.	………….
2.	……………

5.	Picture composition (why a bank is useful) 

Form sentences about each picture 
1.	………..
2.	………….
3.	Who got a lot of money?
4.	What did Swahib sell?
5.	Where did old Swahib keep his money?
6.	Why do you think Swahib should have kept his money in the bank?

TIME 
Calendar 
March 2015
Sunday		4	11	18	25	
Monday		5	10	19	26	
Tuesday 		6	13	20	27	
Wednesday		7	14	21	28	
Thursday	1	8	15	22	29	
Friday	2	9	16	23	30	
Saturday 	3	10	17	24	31	

Questions 
1.	When did the month begin?
2.	When did the month end?
3.	How many Sundays are shown?
4.	How many incomplete weeks are shown?
5.	Which month follows this month?
6.	How many times did Musa go for Juma prayers in this month?
7.	On which day did the month begin?
8.	Write one date on Monday
9.	On which day did the previous month end?
10.	Write short forms for (a) Wednesday   (b) Thursday 
Time table 
Primary four timetable for St. Lucia primary school
	8:30
9:10	9:10
9:50	9:50
10:30	10:30
11:00	11:00
11:40	11:40
12:20	12:20
1:00	1:00
2:00	2:00
2:40	2:40
3:20	3:20
4:00	4:00
5:00	
MONDAY	ENG	MTC	PE	B	SCIE	SST	RE	L	A/C	A/C	MUSIC	G	
TUESDAY	SCIE	ENG	MTC	R	SST	COMP	LIB	U	MTC	SCIE	ENG	A	
WEDNESDAY	PRAYERS	PE	RE	E	MTC	MTC	SST	N	SCIE	ENG	ENG	M	
THURSDAY	SCIE	SCIE	SST	A	SST	MTC	ENG	C	COMP	RE	LIB	E	
FRIDAY	PE	ENG	MTC	K	SCIE	SCIE	ENG	H	SST	MUSCI	RE	S	
 
Questions 
1.	What lesson do pupils have first on Tuesday?
2.	What is the fourth lesson on Friday?
3.	What activity do pupils have at 4:00pm every day?
4.	Which lesson comes immediately after break on Monday?
5.	How many times do pupils have PE in the week?
6.	On which day do pupils have computer lessons?
7.	How long does each lesson take?
8.	Write in full (a) PE  (b) RE   (c ) MTC
9.	Poem “Mr. Clock” (pg 111 ppls bk4)
10.	Passage “My cousin’s wedding (Ppls bk 4 pg 112)
11.	Guided composition “School fees” (Ppls bk pg 115)
12.	Dialogue (Ppls bk 4 pg 121)

ENGLISH LESSON NOTES TERM III  

TOPIC: COMPREHENSION 
THE FUTRE 
1.	Dialogue  (ppls bk pg 131) 
2.	Table “Ojok’s plannr 2015 (Ppls bk pg 127) 
Questions 
1.	When will Ojok write a letter to Grandpa?
2.	On which day will Ojok scrub the jerrycans at the well?
3.	On which date will Ojok have three activities?
4.	How many activities will Ojok carryout in December 
5.	What will Ojok do on Friday 22nd December 2015
6.	With whom will Ojok play football on 22nd December 2015?
7.	Write two activities Ojok will do on Wednesday?
8.	Give another word for grandpa?
Passage “Preparing for a party” (Ppls bk pg 132) 
Guided composition (Ppls bk pg 134) 

Keeping a diary 
Conversation (Ppls bk pg 139) 
Questions 
1.	Who are the two people conversing?
2.	What were they talking about?
3.	Who has got a diary?
4.	When will Rashid get a diary?
5.	Who will buy for Tendo a diary?
6.	How often will Ojok write in his diary?
Passage “Tendo’s diary” (Ppls pg 139)
Diary Amanya’s diary 
Monday 	Tuesday 	Wednesday 	Thursday 	Friday	Saturday 	Sunday 	
		Wrote an invitation card to uncle 		Sent the invitation card to uncle 			
Father bought for me a new party dress					We went to the village for my birthday party 		
	Aunt Monica baked my birthday cake			I celebrated my ninth birthday 			
						I attended thanks giving prayers 	
	We returned to our home 						

Questions 
1.	Whose diary is this?
2.	On which day of the week did this month begin?
3.	What did amanya do on the first Wednesday of this month 
4.	When did Amanya send the invitation card to her uncle?
5.	What did Amanya’s father buy for her on Monday?
6.	Who baked Amanya’s birthday cake?
7.	On which day did Amanya celebrate her birthday?

Jumbled story 

Study time 
1.	Study timetable “Tendo’s timetable” (Ppls bk pg 144) 
2.	Timetable “Timetable for primary four” (ppls bk pg 145) 
3.	Story “The best place for me” (ppls pg 146) 
4.	Conversation (ppls bk pg 145) 
Questions 
1.	How many people are taking part in the conversation 
2.	Who spoke first?
3.	Who finds it hard to use a timetable?
4.	When does Rashid usually read?
5.	Why can’t Tendo read in the morning?
6.	Why can’t Tendo lock himself in the bedroom?
7.	Why can’ty Tendo help his aunt?
8.	Who advised Tendo on how to use the timetable?

Games and sports 
1.	Study the picture (ppls bk pg 150) 
2.	Passage “Kiprotich wins two gold medals” (ppls bk pg 155) 
3.	Table “How Kiprotich worked” (ppls bk 155) 
Questions 
a)	In which year was Kiprotich the ninth?
b)	Name the race in wich Kiprotich was the 12th?
c)	What was Kiprotich’s position in 2006?
d)	Write the three races where Kiprotich was the 1st?
e)	In which race was Kiprotich the 3rd?
f)	In which race did Kiprotich not perform well?
g)	How did Kiprotich perorm in London Olympics?
h)	In which year did Kiprotich perform in Enschede Marathon?

4.	Guided composition 
5.	Jumbled story 

Music, dance and drama 
1.	Poem (ppls bk pg 165) 
2.	Passage “Music dance and dram festival in my school” (ppls bk pg 166) 
3.	Guided composition (ppls bk pg 167) 
4.	Draw and name any 5 musical instruments you know

Elections 
1.	Poster (study the poster and answer the questions) 
Buye primary school prefect elections 
Vote 
Namara Irene 
Compound prefect 
For protecting the green compound 	Vote 
Bwire Ivan 
Timekeeper 
For keeping time all the time 	Vote 
Agaba Peace
Health prefect 
For smartness and hygiene 	Vote 
Tomusange Ali 
Library prefect 
Reading is a must 	Vote 
Lindagye Henry 
Head prefect 
For discipline and hardwork 	Vote 
Muhindo Tobias
Games and sports prefect 
Winning matches is good 	

2.	Tuzane Gibson loses elections (ppls bk pg 173)
3.	Table showing election results for Ojok’s school
Candidate	P4	P5	P6	Total vote	
	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys	Girls	Boys 	Girls 	
Tendo	13	16	20	21	10	22	43	59	
Ezati	15	14	14	26	20	16	49	56	
Hussein	19	19	16	09		03	35	31	
Total number of pupils per class	40	42	38	127	146	

Lesson 1
IF CLAUSES (conditionals)
Lower class work: Review the use of “will and “shall” to construct sentences. 
Conditional clauses contain the word if or unless.
They are called conditional clauses because a certain condition is supposed to or imagined to be fulfilled in order for an action to take place.
IF 1:
It talks about possible results in a real situation (i.e. ) things can happen if a condition is fulfilled.
We always use,
(If + Present tense + Future tense)
Examples 
1.	If I get some money. I will buy a radio 
 	(If clauses)  	 		(Main clause)
	Or 					or
(Conditional clause)			(Result clause)
2.	If Juma comes, we shall go.
(If clause)  				(Main clause)
		Or 				or
(Conditional clause)			(Result clause)
			
3.	Result 
My passing the examination my working hard.
If I work hard, I will ( shall ) pass the examinations 
Evaluation Activity
1.	Our stopping the game. It raining.
2.	My not hearing from you. My not doing any thing.
3.	Musoke being very happy. His father paying his school fees.
4.	Your wanting to see me. It has late.
5.	Tom’s coming. Your wanting to see him.
6.	His getting money. His buying a radio.
Rewrite as instructed in the brackets.
7.	We shall stop taking sugar if it becomes expensive. (Rewrite beginning: If ……….)
8.	The priest wants to buy a car but he does not have enough money. (Begin: If…..)
9.	The more you play. You get little marks. (Re-write using ……..If ……..)
10.	Sit down or else you will be punished. ( Beginning: If …………….)

Lesson 2
Lower work: Review negative statements.
Use of unless
Unless means if not.
Examples
1.	  If he does not work hard, he will not pass. Unless he works hard, he will not pass.
He will not pass unless he works hard.
Evaluation activity
Rewrite beginning and using “Unless”
1.	The lakes will dry up if it shines a lot.
2.	If Jane does not take doctor’s advice. She will die.
3.	If they don’t read hard, they will not get 4 aggregates.
4.	If my brother buys a car, I shall learn to die.
5.	If you clean your shoes, the teacher will allow you in class.
6.	He will only get there in time if he leaves right now.
7.	If I see the snake, I shall kill it.
8.	I shall do that work if you pay me.
9.	The vegetable will dry if the children do not water them.
10.	If I see him today, I shall be happy.

Lesson 3 -4 
Lower class work: Review simple abbreviations.
Abbreviations and contractions
Examples
Common abbreviations
Latin abbreviations
1.	A.D – Anno Dmini ( In the year of the lord
2.	A.m – ante meridian. ( before noon)
3.	P.M – Post meridiem. ( afternoon)
4.	E.g. – example gratia ( for example )
5.	Etc – et cetera ( and so on)
6.	i.e – id est ( that is )
7.	N.B – Note bene ( not well)
8.	R.S.V.P –Respondez sil vous plait ( please reply)
9.	Viz – Videlicet ( namely)
10.	Via – by way of 
Other abbreviations
1.	Ave – Avenue
2.	St – Saint / street
3.	Rd – Road 
4.	Co – Company
5.	Ltd – Limited 
6.	Rev – Reverend
7.	Dr.-  Doctor
8.	Tr. – Teacher
9.	H/M – Headmaster / Headmistress
10.	Mt. Mountain 
11.	Dept – Department
12.	Abbr. Abbreviation
13.	W.e.f – With effect
14.	Ref – reference
15.	P.T.O – please turn Over.
16.	I.O.U – I owe You.
17.	C.O.D – Cash on Delivery 
18.	Mr. Mister
19.	Mrs. – mistress
20.	C/o – Care of.
21.	a/c – account
22.	cr. – credit
23.	FIFA – Federation of International Foot ball Association.
24.	FUFA – Federation of Uganda Foot ball Association
25.	VAT – Value Added Tax.
26.	UWESO – Uganda Women’s Effort to save orphans.
27.	P.S.V – Public Service van/ vehicle ( not passengers)
28.	PMO - Private Motor Omni bus.
29.	P.L.E – Primary Leaving Examination
30.	UNEB - Uganda National Examination Board.
31.	  UPE – Universal Primary Education
32.	USE – Universal  secondary Education
33.	NEMA – National Environment Management Authority
34.	NARO – National Agricultural Research Organization.   

Contractions
1.	That is – that’s
2.	Is not -  isn’t
3.	Will not – won’t
4.	Shall not – shan’t
5.	I’d – I had, I would 
6.	I’ve – I have 
7.	Can not -  can’t
8.	Has not – hasn’t
9.	It is – it’s
10.	He would – he’d 
11.	Must not – mustn’t
12.	Does not – doesn’t
13.	Do not – don’t
14.	You are – you’re
15.	Ought not -  oughtn’t 
16.	Should not – shouldn’t
17.	There is – there’s 
18.	Of the clock – o’clock
19.	Let us – let’s
20.	Government – gov’t

Days of the week
Mon. – Monday
Tue – Tuesday 
Wed – Wednesday 
Thur – Thursday 
Fri – Friday 
Sat – Saturday 
Sun – Sunday 

Months of the year
Jan – January 
Feb – February
Mar – March 
Apri – April 
Jun – June 
Jul – July
Aug – August 
Sept – September 
Oct – October 
Nov – November 
Dec – December 

Metric abbreviations
Cm – Centimeter 
G – Gramme / gram
Kg – Kilogramme / Kilogram
L – Litre 
M – Metre 
Mm – Milimetre 
More in precise pgs 211-217) exercise pupils’ task 63 (1-3)

Lesson 5 
SPEECHES 
Lower class work: Review the use of commas in sentences.
i)	Direct speech
ii)	Reported speech ( Indirect speech )
Direct speech
This is when you report yourself using your own words.
This is made of two parts
i)	The speech tag.
ii)	The actual words used. These actual words always start with capital letter and must be between
iii)	Quotation mark. ( open and close inverted commas )
Examples
1.	“ I shall go to town tomorrow,” said Mary
(Actual words)		(Speech tag)
John said, “My uncle is sick,”
Speech tag 		Actual words.
Indirect speech (Reported speech)
This is when someone else reports for you but using the words you used.
This is made of three parts.
i)	The speech tag
ii)	The conjunction (Joining word)
iii)	The said words in past tense
Examples 
1.	 Mary said that she would go to town the following day
Speech tag   conjunction 		said words 
2.	John said that his uncle was sick.
Speech tag  	conjunction   said words.

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH OF PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE
When changing sentences in to indirect speech, the present simple tense changes to past simple tense.
Direct speech 					 Indirect speech
Am 					– 			was
Are					 – 			were
I  					-			He /she 
We					 –			 they
This					 –			 that
These 			– 			those
My 					– 			his / her
Our 					– 			their / theirs
Here 				- 			there
Today 			– 			that day
Can					 –			 could 
Come 			- 			 go 
Bring				 – 			take
You 					–			 him / her / they
Me					 –  			her / him 
May 					– 			might
Have / has		 - 			had

When the speech tag is in the present simple tense, the actual words remain in the same tense.
3.D: We eat posho everyday,” say the pupils.
1: The pupils say that they ate posho everyday.
Evaluation Activity
Rewrite the following sentences changing to indirect speech.
1.	She says, “I like Irene.”
2.	“We play every evening, “ said Solome
3.	“ I can ride a bicycle,” said Tim.
4.	“The world is round,” says the teacher.
5.	The pupils said, “We sing the national anthem every Monday.
6.	“This is our home; I live here, “said the young girl.
7.	“I may not come to school,” said Kenneth.
8.	“I want to go to Jinja today,” said mother.
9.	“Peter brings his books everyday,” said the teacher.
10.	“My dad has a good car,” said John.

Lesson 6
DIRECT AND INDIRECT IN PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
When changing direct speech in present continuous tense, the present continuous tense changes to past continuous tense.

Direct 					indirect 
Now				 –			 then
Am 				– 			was
Is 				–			 was
Are 				– 			were
Coming		 – 			going 
Examples 
1.	“Peter is sweeping the floor,” said Maria. (Direct )
Maria said the Peter was sweeping the floor.
2.	The headmaster said, “ I am coming to school now. (Direct)
The headmaster said that he was going to school then. ( Indirect )
NB If a word is already given in its changed form, you leave it as it is.
Example 
Indirect Direct
Take – take
Go – go
There – there
That – that
Activity 
Rewrite the following sentences in indirect speech.
1.	The head teacher said,” I am studying very hard to get a degree.”
2.	My neighbor whispered, “We are going to get all these numbers correct today.”
3.	“ I am hunting wild animals there,” said the hunter.
4.	“We are coming to the playground now,” they said.
5.	She said, “James is sleeping in the classroom today.”
6.	“We are taking this car now,” the drivers said.
7.	The gatekeeper said, “ The thief is jumping over the fence now.”
8.	He is bringing our books here,” said the class monitor.

Lesson 7 
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH IN PRESENT TENSE
When changing sentences in to indirect speech, present perfect tense changes to  past perfect tense.
Examples
1.	 The teacher said,” I have spoken to you about your dressing.” ( Direct)
2.	He says, “I have drunk this water already.” (Direct )
He says that he has drunk that water already. (Indirect)
Activity 
Change from Direct to Indirect speech.
1.	They said, “We have spoilt this desk from here today.”
2.	Sarah says, “She has lot her name in front of all these people.”
3.	The observer said, you have beaten that boy’s arm for nothing.”
4.	A designer said, “He has designed it in the wrong way.”
5.	“Stella has gone this afternoon,” said the neighbor.
6.	This dog has bitten this baby today,” the girl said.
7.	The priest says, “I have received this gift from Naddangira parish today.”
8.	Ka to said, “ I have brought these books already,”

Lesson 8 
ORDINAL AND CARDINAL NUMBERS
Lower class work: Review counting numbers in words.
Ordinal numbers are numbers that refer to a position of something in series e.g. first, second.
Cardinal numbers are numbers used to show quality rather than order.
e.g. 1, 35, 104.
TABLE SHOWING NUMBERS IN CARDINAL AND ORDINAL 
CARDINAL
1.	 – one
2.	 – two
3.	– three
4.	– four
5.	– five 
11	– eleven
12	– twelve
13	– thirteen
19.-  nineteen
20 – twenty 
29 – twenty nine
40 – forty 
90 – ninety. 
ORDINAL 
1st - first 
2nd – second
3rd – third 
4th – fourth 
11th – eleventh 
12th – twelfth 
13th – thirteenth 
19th – nineteenth 
20th – twentieth 
29th – twenty nineth
40th – fortieth 
90th – ninetieth 
100th – one hundredth
Activity 
Write the underlined numbers in words.
1.	There are 45 pupils in our class.
2.	24 hours make a day.
3.	There are 7 days in a week.
4.	12 months make a year.
5.	Martin was the 5th in the whole class.
6.	There 700 pupils in our school.
7.	November is the 11th month of the year.
8.	Today is 20th October, 2011.
9.	Women’s day is celebrated on 8th March every year.
10.	Uganda got her independence on 9th October 1962.
11.	 Maria was the …………….last term. ( three)
12.	I always come……….. when we do exams. ( one)
13.	My dad punished me because I was the ………( 12th )
14.	Granny was the ……………... child in the family.
15.	That country held its….. independence. ( both)

Lesson 9
PROVERBS
Lower class work: Review simple wise sayings.
Definition: A proverb is a wise saying with a hidden meaning.
Some common proverbs
1.	A bad beginning makes a good ending.
2.	A friend in need is a friend indeed.
3.	A rolling stone gathers no moss.
4.	A bad workman b lames his tools.
5.	A stitch in time saves nine.
6.	A word to a wise is enough.
7.	All that glitters is not gold.
8.	An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
9.	Better late than never.
10.	Birds of the same feathers flock together.
11.	Charity begins at home but should not end there.
12.	Cut you coat according to your cloth
Activity 
Complete the following proverbs
1.	…………saves nine.
2.	Empty tins…………….
3.	……………….. is enough
4.	………………… makes perfect.
5.	…………………. Seldom bite.
6.	A fool and his money…………….
7.	Actions ………………….
8.	………………………. Gathers no moss.
9.	Spare the rod……….
10.	One good turn…………….

Lesson 10
DESCRIPTION OF PEOPLE AND OCCUPATIONS
Lower class work: Review work done to earn a living.
Examples:
1.	A person who treats our eyes oculist.
2.	One who looks after sheep a shepherd?
3.	A child who has lost his parents an orphan.
4.	A woman whose husband is dead a widow.
5.	A man who is about to marry a bridegroom.
6.	A person who treats sick teeth a dentist.
7.	A girl who is about to marry a bride.
8.	A man whose wife is dead a widower.
Activity 
Supply the missing word.
1.	The meat of a sheep is called 
2.	A ……………… writes poems.
3.	A………………… is a woman whose husband has died.
4.	A person who cannot read or write………………
5.	A person who is sick………………..
6.	A person who cannot see………………
7.	One who sells flowers……………………..
8.	One who sells things moving from door to door……………
9.	A person who writes books……………
10.	A person who cannot talk………….

Lesson 11
ONE WORD FOR MANY
Examples 
1.	A period of two weeks fortnight.
2.	 A place where items of long ago are kept museum.
3.	A place where animals are slaughtered abattoir.
4.	A place where beer is made brewery.
5.	A set of three children / animals born of the same mother at the same time triplets.
6.	Meat without bones. Fillet
7.	A person who repairs machines. Mechanic.
Activity 
1.	A place where bread is made
2.	A vessel where flowers are kept.
3.	A doctor who performs operations.
4.	A place where wild animals are kept.
5.	A child whose parents are dead.
6.	A place where films are shown.
7.	A person who is in charge of a ship.
8.	A place where fruit trees are grown.
9.	One who deals in flowers.
10.	One who journeys on foot.
Rewrite using one word for the underlined group of words.
11.	Mr. Kaggwa made up his mind to leave Nairobi.
12.	The man in charge of the meeting rose to speak.
13.	Most of the villagers walked with nothing on their feet.
14.	He left the court after he was declared free from guilt.
15.	They spoke softy so that others could not hear.

HOMOPHONES:
These are words which are pronounced in the same way but differ in meaning.
Examples
1.	There: I have gone there.
Their: Their books are all torn.
2.	More examples
Air – heir
Allowed – a loud
Knew – new
See – sea
Weak – week
Wood – would
	Activity Mk PRECISE PG 232.
	PUPILS’ TASK 66
	
	Lesson 13
	SYNONYMS
	Lower class work: Review matching words similar in meaning.
	These are words with similar meaning.
	Examples:
	Huge – big
	Abandon – leave
	Modern – new
	Assemble – gather
	Ordour – smell
	Enemy – foe.
	Use a similar word in place of the underlined word.
1.	P.L.E will be very difficult this year.
P.L.E will be very hard this year.
Activity 
Mk Precise pg 226 pupils’ task 65

KEEPING A DIARY 
Vocabulary 
Make sentences using these words 
Calendar, date, day, diary, month, note, read, time, year, ago
Activity 
Fill in using the correct spellings of the words given in the brackets  
1.	Juma has found an old………… (ndarleca) 
2.	I will write everything I see in my (dryia) 
3.	A proper diary contains the day, ……and month on each page (eatd) 
4.	Every………., my teacher keeps a new diary. (eary) 
5.	We must not……….someone’s notes. (rdea) 
6.	She was born twenty years…………(oag) 
Form sentences from the table 
I 
He 
She
They 
Okoth 
Nzirwe 
We 	
will

shall	visit us 
go to church 
bring our books
take us home 
buy a book	

on 	20th September 
Christmas day 
Easter Sunday 
1st December 
Friday 	

STUDY TIME 
Vocabulary 
Study the following words 
Borrow, lend, library, exercise, book, note book, textbook, read, sometimes, usually, revise
Activity 
Complete these sentences by filling in the missing letters
1.	We are going to borrow books from the l_________y.
2.	The teacher will l_____d us books if we ask.
3.	Many children do not like to r________e at home
4.	I found a lot of information in this t______t b_____k
5.	Hellen wrote her notes in an old e_____________e book
6.	Sometimes I buy a n______E b______s from this shop.
7.	Wafula u_______________y reads at night.
8.	He s_____________s reads newspapers from the sitting room

GAMES AND SPORTS 
Vocabulary 
Read these words 
Quickly, play, win, clap, volleyball, football, game, slow, watch, netball, race, ordinal, coach, high, kick, umpire, lose, happy, numbers, fast, referee, shout, support, run, skip, throw, jump, long, player
Activity 
Complete the sentences using the words given in the box below 
(large, angry, strong, tough, longest, fat, noisey, poor) 
1.	The……………team marched proudly onto the court.
2.	The marathon is the ………..race and is 32 kilometres long
3.	The…………teams will always win the matches 
4.	Ntambi is a slow ……….coach.
5.	An ………………player threw the cricket ball at us 
6.	Today’s volleyball game was watched by a ………….crowd.
7.	The boys may play football on the…………….grassy field.
8.	Next time the …………losers will work harder than before 

MUSIC, DANCE AND DRAMA 
Study the meaning of these words
Lyre, trumpets, harp, shakers, drums, thumb, piano, xylophones, tube, fiddle, pan pipes 
Activity 
Spell the words correctly 
Oaipn 
Smrdu
Eakrsh
Pppnseia
Phra
Tpmrtseu 
Eyrl
Ooenphlxy
Bteu
Dledif 

ELECTIONS 
Vocabulary 
Make meaningful sentences using these words 
Prefect, vote, voter, ballot paper, rig, captain, head girl, head boy, elect, monitor, post, supervise, candidate, election, stand, leader, campaign, supervisors